選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)適當(dang)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)劑對(dui)超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效果影響較大。超聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)機制(zhi)主要是空化作用(yong)(yong)(yong),除物(wu)質的(de)(de)主要成分、油(you)垢或(huo)機體自身的(de)(de)機械雜(za)質外,選(xuan)擇的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)必須考(kao)慮(lv)到(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)粘(zhan)度和表(biao)面張(zhang)力,才能起到(dao)空化作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。超聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)對(dui)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)質量(liang)的(de)(de)要求很高,經常使用(yong)(yong)(yong)幾種不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)在不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)槽中(zhong)或(huo)依(yi)次進行,每(mei)一(yi)種清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)都不(bu)一(yi)樣。舉例(li)來說,三(san)氯乙烯、氫氧化鈉水(shui)(shui)溶液(ye)(ye)(ye)、合成洗(xi)(xi)滌劑、水(shui)(shui)、酒精先后用(yong)(yong)(yong)來清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)光學(xue)元(yuan)件,丙酮及1*混合清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye),用(yong)(yong)(yong)來清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)半導體設備,用(yong)(yong)(yong)2*的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)和去離子水(shui)(shui),經過多次清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi),零(ling)件表(biao)面達到(dao)預期效果。
最常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式就是(shi)將超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)浸(jin)(jin)入(ru)槽內(nei)(nei),在(zai)含(han)有清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)槽內(nei)(nei),由超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)換(huan)能器產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)振(zhen)動由清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)槽底部(bu)輻射(she)到清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中。尤(you)其適用于(yu)中小(xiao)型零件(jian)。對(dui)大小(xiao)、重量(liang)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian),可采(cai)(cai)用局(ju)部(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)法(fa),即將零件(jian)浸(jin)(jin)入(ru)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),未(wei)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)分浸(jin)(jin)在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中,直至完(wan)全清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外一種方(fang)(fang)法(fa)是(shi)根(gen)據大尺寸(cun)零件(jian)形狀及局(ju)部(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)需要(yao),設(she)計(ji)特殊(shu)形狀的(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)換(huan)能器,實(shi)現局(ju)部(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)具(ju)有嚴(yan)格清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)要(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian),在(zai)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)槽內(nei)(nei)采(cai)(cai)用多種不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)進行(xing)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外,還可以使用其他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa),例(li)如加熱浸(jin)(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)等(deng)。對(dui)含(han)有特厚(hou)油脂的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian),一般先用熱浸(jin)(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)或高溫(wen)噴洗(xi)(xi)(xi),再用超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)某些零件(jian)形狀過于(yu)復(fu)雜,如孔(kong)、孔(kong)角不(bu)(bu)一致等(deng),可采(cai)(cai)用一次多次清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),即在(zai)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)頻率下清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)。
清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)聲振(zhen)動頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)對超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果有很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響,這是因(yin)為(wei)它對空化的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響很大(da)。通常(chang)用(yong)在20kHz左右(you)。約(yue)20kHz時容易產(chan)生氣(qi)穴,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果明顯。但(dan)是對表面要求高(gao)、孔徑(jing)或縫隙(xi)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品,宜使用(yong)短波、能(neng)量集(ji)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)超(chao)聲波清(qing)(qing)洗(xi),有時頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)可達800KHz。但(dan)高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)超(chao)聲振(zhen)動在清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)中衰(shuai)減大(da),作用(yong)距離短,空化強度小,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)低。另外,由于高(gao)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)指向性引起的(de)(de)(de)(de)“陰影”區域,部(bu)分(fen)部(bu)件(jian)不能(neng)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)。采用(yong)無頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)跟(gen)蹤超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)裝置時,需要對發生器(qi)(qi)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)進行調節(jie),使其輸出信號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)與傳(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)固有振(zhen)動頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)一致。這時,空泡效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)應(ying)最強。清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)液(ye)中可見大(da)量積(ji)聚的(de)(de)(de)(de)白色(se)物(wu)質。手(shou)指頭像一根針一樣。
高(gao)功率(lv)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清洗(xi)是提高(gao)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清洗(xi)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)的(de)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)途徑。然而,功率(lv)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)過高(gao)會由(you)于氣(qi)蝕(shi)過強而對(dui)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)表面造(zao)成侵蝕(shi)(即氣(qi)蝕(shi)腐蝕(shi)),對(dui)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)造(zao)成損害,尤其是對(dui)于有(you)各(ge)種涂層的(de)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)或鋁(lv)及鋁(lv)合金工(gong)件(jian)(jian)。能量密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)過大也不會產生(sheng)飽和(he)效(xiao)(xiao)應。對(dui)油污(wu)嚴重、形(xing)狀復雜、深孔盲孔的(de)零(ling)件(jian)(jian),清洗(xi)槽要(yao)深、清洗(xi)液粘(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)大、功率(lv)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)大。高(gao)頻率(lv)超(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清洗(xi)功率(lv)密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)也很大。能量密(mi)度(du)(du)(du)可在用水或酒精清洗(xi)或漂洗(xi)時降低。
由于(yu)清(qing)洗液的(de)空(kong)化(hua)程度(du)與溫(wen)(wen)度(du)有關,溫(wen)(wen)度(du)的(de)升(sheng)高有利(li)于(yu)汽(qi)蝕,但蒸氣(qi)壓力也相(xiang)應增大(da)。溫(wen)(wen)度(du)過高會使(shi)氣(qi)穴減少。所以(yi)必(bi)須保持(chi)一定的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)范圍。例如水溶劑清(qing)洗液一般在45℃左右,三氯乙烯(xi)清(qing)洗液約(yue)75℃,水約(yue)60℃。對揮(hui)發性和易(yi)燃的(de)清(qing)洗液,溫(wen)(wen)度(du)不宜過高。
超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果(guo)和質量(liang)取(qu)決于超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。對(dui)于清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)質量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)要求,時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)過(guo)(guo)短(duan)。但是,零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面氣蝕(shi)腐蝕(shi)嚴(yan)(yan)重(zhong),從而(er)影響零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang),延長(chang)使用壽命,不僅降低生產效(xiao)率。油污(wu)染嚴(yan)(yan)重(zhong),形狀(zhuang)復雜的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian),清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)要長(chang)。不同涂層的(de)(de)(de)鋁及鋁合金零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)不宜(yi)過(guo)(guo)長(chang)。一(yi)般說來(lai),表(biao)面光潔(jie)度高的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)油污(wu)較少,清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)不宜(yi)過(guo)(guo)長(chang)。特(te)定的(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)要通過(guo)(guo)實驗確定。
為改善清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效果,并確(que)保超聲波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)正常(chang)使(shi)用,部(bu)件(jian)在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)槽中的(de)(de)位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)引(yin)起重視。開始(shi),要(yao)避免(mian)在(zai)超聲振(zhen)動(dong)輻射(she)面(mian)直(zhi)接擠壓零件(jian),使(shi)輻射(she)面(mian)無(wu)法(fa)產生預期(qi)的(de)(de)振(zhen)動(dong),導致(zhi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)無(wu)法(fa)正常(chang)工(gong)作。對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)重的(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)尤其(qi)重要(yao)。部(bu)件(jian)由(you)專(zhuan)用工(gong)具吊在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)槽內,并盡可能接近(jin)表(biao)面(mian)。第(di)二,關鍵的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)位(wei)必須(xu)對(dui)(dui)準(zhun)超聲波(bo)源。三是要(yao)考慮清(qing)(qing)(qing)潔后(hou)污物能夠順利排放。第(di)四,使(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)槽內的(de)(de)對(dui)(dui)流。使(shi)用循(xun)環連續補充(chong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液的(de)(de)方法(fa)時,進液速度不宜過快,否(fou)則由(you)于補充(chong)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液中氣(qi)體較(jiao)多(duo),氣(qi)穴就會(hui)減弱。
在盲(mang)孔(kong)清(qing)洗時(shi),應先在盲(mang)孔(kong)內(nei)注入清(qing)洗液,然后將盲(mang)孔(kong)對(dui)準超聲源。清(qing)潔時(shi),要始(shi)終將清(qing)洗液注入孔(kong)內(nei),以(yi)達(da)到顯(xian)著的效果(guo)。
超音波清洗槽(cao)應避免撞擊(ji)及快速冷(leng)卻加熱,以免損壞與(yu)傳感(gan)器的連接。對某些零件進(jin)行(xing)超聲清洗時,應進(jin)行(xing)消(xiao)磁處理,否(fou)則殘(can)余鐵屑不易清除。
超(chao)聲清洗質量(liang)檢(jian)查主要(yao)是(shi)檢(jian)查被清潔(jie)零(ling)件表(biao)面的污垢殘留。
廣東固(gu)特超聲股份有限公司現已成(cheng)為(wei)集超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)應(ying)用技術(shu)研(yan)究、超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機設備(bei)研(yan)發(fa)、生產(chan)、銷售和技術(shu)服務于(yu)一(yi)體的(de)(de)國(guo)家(jia)高新(xin)技術(shu)企(qi)業。公司(si)在超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)行(xing)業中占有(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)地位,作為(wei)業界公認(ren)的(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)技術(shu)解決(jue)方案專家(jia),固特超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)2015年率(lv)(lv)先在新(xin)三板(ban)掛牌(pai)上(shang)市(shi)。是(shi)擁有(you)專業研(yan)發(fa)團隊(dui)的(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機廠家(jia),率(lv)(lv)先提(ti)出健康家(jia)用超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機品類并開發(fa)了百款產(chan)品,是(shi)商用超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機、工(gong)業超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機、超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)環(huan)保設備(bei)尤其是(shi)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)除垢設備(bei)領域行(xing)業翹楚,擅長產(chan)業資(zi)本(ben)和金融資(zi)本(ben)的(de)(de)對接,致力(li)于(yu)成(cheng)為(wei)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)洗(xi)綜(zong)合服務領軍企(qi)業。