選用(yong)適當的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)劑對超聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效果(guo)影響(xiang)較大。超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)機制(zhi)主要(yao)是空化作(zuo)用(yong),除物質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)主要(yao)成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)、油垢(gou)或機體(ti)自身的(de)(de)機械雜質(zhi)(zhi)外,選擇的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)必須考慮到清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)粘度和(he)表(biao)面張力,才能起到空化作(zuo)用(yong)。超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)對清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)要(yao)求很(hen)高,經(jing)常使用(yong)幾種(zhong)不(bu)同的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)在不(bu)同的(de)(de)槽中或依次(ci)進行,每一(yi)種(zhong)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)都(dou)不(bu)一(yi)樣。舉例來說,三氯乙烯、氫氧化鈉水溶液(ye)(ye)、合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)洗(xi)(xi)滌劑、水、酒精(jing)先后(hou)用(yong)來清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)光(guang)學元件(jian),丙酮及1*混合(he)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye),用(yong)來清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)半導(dao)體(ti)設備,用(yong)2*的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)和(he)去(qu)離子水,經(jing)過多(duo)次(ci)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi),零(ling)件(jian)表(biao)面達到預期(qi)效果(guo)。
最常見(jian)的(de)方(fang)(fang)式就是(shi)將(jiang)超(chao)聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)浸(jin)入槽內,在含(han)有清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)超(chao)聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽內,由(you)(you)超(chao)聲波換能(neng)器(qi)產(chan)生的(de)超(chao)聲波振動由(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽底(di)部(bu)輻射到清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中(zhong)。尤其適用(yong)于中(zhong)小型零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)。對大小、重量較大的(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian),可采用(yong)局部(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)方(fang)(fang)法,即(ji)將(jiang)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)浸(jin)入清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中(zhong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),未清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)分浸(jin)在清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中(zhong),直至完全(quan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外一(yi)種方(fang)(fang)法是(shi)根據(ju)大尺寸零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)形狀及局部(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)需要,設計特殊形狀的(de)超(chao)聲換能(neng)器(qi),實現局部(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對具有嚴格清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)要求的(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian),在不(bu)(bu)同的(de)槽內采用(yong)多(duo)種不(bu)(bu)同的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)進(jin)行超(chao)聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外,還(huan)可以使用(yong)其他的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)(fang)法,例如加(jia)熱(re)浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),超(chao)聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等。對含(han)有特厚(hou)油脂的(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian),一(yi)般先用(yong)熱(re)浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)或(huo)高(gao)溫噴洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),再用(yong)超(chao)聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對某(mou)些零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)形狀過于復(fu)雜,如孔、孔角不(bu)(bu)一(yi)致等,可采用(yong)一(yi)次多(duo)次清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),即(ji)在不(bu)(bu)同超(chao)聲頻率下清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
清洗(xi)液的超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)振動頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率對(dui)(dui)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)清洗(xi)效(xiao)果(guo)有很(hen)大(da)的影響,這是因為它對(dui)(dui)空(kong)化的影響很(hen)大(da)。通(tong)常用(yong)(yong)在(zai)20kHz左右。約(yue)20kHz時(shi)容易產生(sheng)(sheng)氣(qi)穴,清洗(xi)效(xiao)果(guo)明顯(xian)。但是對(dui)(dui)表面要求(qiu)高、孔徑或縫隙小的產品,宜使用(yong)(yong)短波(bo)、能量集中(zhong)的高頻(pin)(pin)(pin)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)波(bo)清洗(xi),有時(shi)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率可達(da)800KHz。但高頻(pin)(pin)(pin)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)振動在(zai)清洗(xi)液中(zhong)衰(shuai)減大(da),作用(yong)(yong)距離短,空(kong)化強(qiang)度小,清洗(xi)效(xiao)率低。另外,由于(yu)高頻(pin)(pin)(pin)指(zhi)向性(xing)引起的“陰影”區域,部(bu)分(fen)部(bu)件不能清潔(jie)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)無頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率跟蹤超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)清洗(xi)裝置時(shi),需(xu)要對(dui)(dui)發生(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率進行調節,使其輸出信(xin)號(hao)的頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率與傳感器(qi)的固(gu)有振動頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率一(yi)致。這時(shi),空(kong)泡效(xiao)應(ying)最強(qiang)。清潔(jie)液中(zhong)可見大(da)量積聚的白色(se)物質。手指(zhi)頭像(xiang)一(yi)根針一(yi)樣。
高功率(lv)(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)的超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)是(shi)提高超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)效率(lv)(lv)的有(you)效途徑。然而,功率(lv)(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)過(guo)高會由于(yu)氣蝕(shi)過(guo)強(qiang)而對(dui)(dui)工(gong)件表面造(zao)成(cheng)侵蝕(shi)(即(ji)氣蝕(shi)腐蝕(shi)),對(dui)(dui)工(gong)件造(zao)成(cheng)損害,尤其是(shi)對(dui)(dui)于(yu)有(you)各種涂(tu)層的工(gong)件或(huo)鋁(lv)及鋁(lv)合金(jin)工(gong)件。能(neng)量(liang)密(mi)(mi)度(du)過(guo)大也(ye)不(bu)會產生飽(bao)和效應。對(dui)(dui)油污嚴(yan)重、形狀(zhuang)復雜、深孔(kong)盲孔(kong)的零件,清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽(cao)要深、清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)粘度(du)大、功率(lv)(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)大。高頻率(lv)(lv)超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)功率(lv)(lv)密(mi)(mi)度(du)也(ye)很(hen)大。能(neng)量(liang)密(mi)(mi)度(du)可在(zai)用(yong)水或(huo)酒精清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)或(huo)漂(piao)洗(xi)時降(jiang)低。
由于清洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)空化程度與溫(wen)度有(you)關(guan),溫(wen)度的(de)升高有(you)利(li)于汽蝕,但(dan)蒸氣(qi)壓力也相應增大。溫(wen)度過(guo)高會使(shi)氣(qi)穴減(jian)少。所以必須保持一定的(de)溫(wen)度范圍。例如水溶(rong)劑清洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)一般在45℃左右,三氯乙烯清洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)約75℃,水約60℃。對(dui)揮(hui)發性(xing)和(he)易燃的(de)清洗(xi)(xi)液(ye),溫(wen)度不宜過(guo)高。
超聲清洗(xi)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果和質(zhi)(zhi)量取決于(yu)(yu)超聲清洗(xi)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間。對于(yu)(yu)清洗(xi)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)要求,時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間過短。但(dan)是,零件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)氣蝕腐蝕嚴(yan)重,從而影響零件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量,延(yan)長(chang)使用(yong)壽命,不僅(jin)降低(di)生產效(xiao)率。油污染嚴(yan)重,形狀(zhuang)復雜的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian),清洗(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間要長(chang)。不同涂(tu)層的(de)(de)(de)鋁及(ji)鋁合金零件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)清洗(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間不宜過長(chang)。一般說(shuo)來,表面(mian)(mian)光潔(jie)度(du)高的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)油污較少,清洗(xi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間不宜過長(chang)。特(te)定的(de)(de)(de)清潔(jie)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間要通過實驗確定。
為改善清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效果(guo),并(bing)確保超(chao)聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)正常使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong),部(bu)件在(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)槽中(zhong)的(de)(de)位置(zhi)應引起重(zhong)視。開(kai)始,要(yao)(yao)避免(mian)在(zai)(zai)超(chao)聲振動輻(fu)射面(mian)(mian)直接擠壓(ya)零件,使(shi)(shi)輻(fu)射面(mian)(mian)無(wu)法產生預期的(de)(de)振動,導(dao)致(zhi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)裝置(zhi)無(wu)法正常工(gong)作。對較重(zhong)的(de)(de)部(bu)件尤其重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)。部(bu)件由專用(yong)(yong)工(gong)具吊在(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)槽內(nei),并(bing)盡可(ke)能接近表(biao)面(mian)(mian)。第(di)二(er),關鍵的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)位必須對準超(chao)聲波源。三是要(yao)(yao)考慮清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔后污物能夠(gou)順(shun)利排(pai)放(fang)。第(di)四,使(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)在(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)槽內(nei)的(de)(de)對流。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)循環連續補充(chong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)方法時,進(jin)液(ye)速度不宜過快,否則由于補充(chong)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中(zhong)氣體較多,氣穴就會(hui)減弱。
在盲孔清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時,應先在盲孔內注入清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液,然(ran)后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)盲孔對準超聲源。清(qing)(qing)潔時,要始終將(jiang)(jiang)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液注入孔內,以達(da)到顯著(zhu)的(de)效果(guo)。
超(chao)音波清(qing)(qing)洗槽應避免撞擊(ji)及快速冷卻加熱,以免損壞與(yu)傳感器的連接。對某些零件進(jin)行(xing)(xing)超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)洗時(shi),應進(jin)行(xing)(xing)消磁處理,否則殘余鐵屑不易清(qing)(qing)除。
超聲清洗質量檢查主要是檢查被(bei)清潔(jie)零件表面的污垢(gou)殘留。
廣東固特超聲股份有限公司現已成(cheng)為集超(chao)聲(sheng)波(bo)(bo)應用(yong)技術(shu)研究、超(chao)聲(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)(ji)設備研發、生產、銷售(shou)和技術(shu)服務于一(yi)體的(de)(de)國家高新(xin)技術(shu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。公(gong)司(si)在(zai)超(chao)聲(sheng)波(bo)(bo)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中占有一(yi)定的(de)(de)地(di)位,作為業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)界公(gong)認的(de)(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)技術(shu)解決方案專家,固特超(chao)聲(sheng)于2015年率(lv)先在(zai)新(xin)三板掛(gua)牌(pai)上(shang)市。是擁有專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研發團隊(dui)的(de)(de)超(chao)聲(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)(ji)廠家,率(lv)先提出健康家用(yong)超(chao)聲(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)(ji)品(pin)類并(bing)開(kai)發了百(bai)款(kuan)產品(pin),是商用(yong)超(chao)聲(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)(ji)、工業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)超(chao)聲(sheng)波(bo)(bo)清(qing)洗(xi)機(ji)(ji)、超(chao)聲(sheng)環保設備尤其是超(chao)聲(sheng)除垢(gou)設備領(ling)域(yu)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)翹(qiao)楚(chu),擅長產業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資本(ben)和金融資本(ben)的(de)(de)對接,致力于成(cheng)為超(chao)聲(sheng)清(qing)洗(xi)綜合服務領(ling)軍企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。