選用(yong)適當的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)劑對(dui)超(chao)聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效果(guo)影響較(jiao)大。超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)機(ji)制主要是空(kong)化(hua)作(zuo)用(yong),除物質的(de)主要成(cheng)分、油垢(gou)或(huo)機(ji)體自身的(de)機(ji)械雜質外(wai),選擇的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)必須考慮到(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)粘度和表(biao)面張力,才能(neng)起(qi)到(dao)空(kong)化(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)。超(chao)聲清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)對(dui)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)質量(liang)的(de)要求很高,經(jing)常使(shi)用(yong)幾種不同(tong)的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)在不同(tong)的(de)槽中或(huo)依次進行,每一種清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)都不一樣。舉例來(lai)說(shuo),三氯(lv)乙烯(xi)、氫氧(yang)化(hua)鈉水溶(rong)液(ye)、合(he)成(cheng)洗(xi)(xi)滌(di)劑、水、酒精先后用(yong)來(lai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)光學元件,丙(bing)酮及1*混(hun)合(he)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye),用(yong)來(lai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)半(ban)導體設備,用(yong)2*的(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)和去離子水,經(jing)過(guo)多次清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi),零件表(biao)面達到(dao)預期效果(guo)。
最常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式就是將(jiang)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)浸(jin)入(ru)槽(cao)內(nei),在(zai)含有(you)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液的(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)內(nei),由超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波換(huan)能器產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波振動由清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)底(di)部輻射到清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液中(zhong)。尤其(qi)(qi)適用(yong)于(yu)中(zhong)小型零(ling)(ling)件。對(dui)大(da)小、重量(liang)較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件,可采用(yong)局(ju)部清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa),即將(jiang)零(ling)(ling)件浸(jin)入(ru)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液中(zhong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),未清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)部分浸(jin)在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液中(zhong),直(zhi)至(zhi)完全清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外一(yi)種(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)是根據大(da)尺(chi)寸零(ling)(ling)件形狀(zhuang)及局(ju)部清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao),設計特殊形狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)換(huan)能器,實現局(ju)部清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)具(ju)有(you)嚴(yan)格清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)要(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件,在(zai)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)槽(cao)內(nei)采用(yong)多種(zhong)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液進行超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另外,還(huan)可以(yi)使用(yong)其(qi)(qi)他的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)法(fa),例如加熱浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等。對(dui)含有(you)特厚油脂的(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件,一(yi)般(ban)先用(yong)熱浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)或(huo)高溫噴洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),再用(yong)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)某些零(ling)(ling)件形狀(zhuang)過于(yu)復雜,如孔、孔角(jiao)不一(yi)致等,可采用(yong)一(yi)次多次清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),即在(zai)不同(tong)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)頻率下(xia)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
清(qing)(qing)洗液(ye)(ye)的(de)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)振動頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率對(dui)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗效果有很大的(de)影(ying)響(xiang),這(zhe)是因為它(ta)對(dui)空化的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)很大。通常用在(zai)(zai)20kHz左右。約20kHz時(shi)容(rong)易產生(sheng)氣穴,清(qing)(qing)洗效果明顯(xian)。但是對(dui)表面要求高、孔徑或(huo)縫隙小的(de)產品,宜(yi)使用短波、能(neng)(neng)量(liang)集中(zhong)的(de)高頻(pin)(pin)(pin)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗,有時(shi)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率可達800KHz。但高頻(pin)(pin)(pin)超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)振動在(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)洗液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)衰減(jian)大,作用距離短,空化強(qiang)度小,清(qing)(qing)洗效率低(di)。另外,由于高頻(pin)(pin)(pin)指向性引起的(de)“陰影(ying)”區域,部分(fen)部件不能(neng)(neng)清(qing)(qing)潔。采用無頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率跟蹤超聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗裝置時(shi),需要對(dui)發生(sheng)器頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率進行調節,使其輸出(chu)信(xin)號的(de)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率與傳感器的(de)固有振動頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率一(yi)致。這(zhe)時(shi),空泡效應最強(qiang)。清(qing)(qing)潔液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)可見(jian)大量(liang)積聚的(de)白色物質。手指頭像一(yi)根針一(yi)樣。
高(gao)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)密(mi)度(du)(du)的(de)超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)是提高(gao)超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)效率(lv)(lv)的(de)有(you)效途(tu)徑。然而,功(gong)率(lv)(lv)密(mi)度(du)(du)過(guo)高(gao)會(hui)由(you)于(yu)氣蝕過(guo)強而對(dui)工件(jian)(jian)(jian)表面造成侵蝕(即(ji)氣蝕腐(fu)蝕),對(dui)工件(jian)(jian)(jian)造成損害,尤其是對(dui)于(yu)有(you)各種涂層的(de)工件(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)鋁及鋁合金工件(jian)(jian)(jian)。能(neng)(neng)量密(mi)度(du)(du)過(guo)大(da)(da)也不會(hui)產(chan)生飽(bao)和效應。對(dui)油污嚴重(zhong)、形狀復(fu)雜、深孔盲孔的(de)零件(jian)(jian)(jian),清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽要深、清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液粘度(du)(du)大(da)(da)、功(gong)率(lv)(lv)密(mi)度(du)(du)大(da)(da)。高(gao)頻率(lv)(lv)超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)密(mi)度(du)(du)也很(hen)大(da)(da)。能(neng)(neng)量密(mi)度(du)(du)可在用水或(huo)酒精清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)或(huo)漂洗(xi)時降低。
由于清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液的(de)空化程(cheng)度(du)與(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)有關,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)的(de)升高(gao)有利于汽蝕,但(dan)蒸氣壓力也(ye)相(xiang)應(ying)增(zeng)大。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)過高(gao)會(hui)使氣穴減少。所以必須保持一定(ding)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)范圍。例如(ru)水溶(rong)劑(ji)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液一般在45℃左右,三氯乙(yi)烯清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液約75℃,水約60℃。對揮發性(xing)和易(yi)燃的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)不宜過高(gao)。
超聲清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)效(xiao)(xiao)果和質(zhi)(zhi)量取決于超聲清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)時間(jian)(jian)。對于清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)要(yao)求(qiu),時間(jian)(jian)過短。但是,零(ling)件(jian)表面(mian)(mian)氣蝕腐蝕嚴(yan)重,從而影響零(ling)件(jian)的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量,延長(chang)使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming),不(bu)僅降低生產效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)。油污染嚴(yan)重,形狀(zhuang)復(fu)雜的(de)零(ling)件(jian),清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時間(jian)(jian)要(yao)長(chang)。不(bu)同涂層的(de)鋁(lv)及鋁(lv)合金(jin)零(ling)件(jian)的(de)清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時間(jian)(jian)不(bu)宜(yi)過長(chang)。一般說來(lai),表面(mian)(mian)光潔度(du)高的(de)零(ling)件(jian)的(de)油污較少,清洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時間(jian)(jian)不(bu)宜(yi)過長(chang)。特定的(de)清潔時間(jian)(jian)要(yao)通過實驗確定。
為(wei)改善清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)效(xiao)果,并(bing)確(que)保(bao)超(chao)聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)裝置(zhi)的正(zheng)常(chang)使用(yong),部(bu)件(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽(cao)(cao)中的位置(zhi)應引(yin)起重(zhong)視(shi)。開始,要避免在(zai)(zai)(zai)超(chao)聲(sheng)振動輻射面直接擠壓零件(jian),使輻射面無法產生預期的振動,導致(zhi)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)裝置(zhi)無法正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作。對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)重(zhong)的部(bu)件(jian)尤其重(zhong)要。部(bu)件(jian)由(you)專用(yong)工(gong)具吊在(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽(cao)(cao)內,并(bing)盡可能接近(jin)表面。第(di)二,關鍵(jian)的清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)部(bu)位必(bi)須對(dui)(dui)準超(chao)聲(sheng)波源。三是要考慮清(qing)(qing)潔后污物能夠(gou)順利排放。第(di)四,使清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液在(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽(cao)(cao)內的對(dui)(dui)流。使用(yong)循環連續(xu)補充(chong)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液的方法時,進液速度不宜(yi)過(guo)快,否則由(you)于補充(chong)的清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液中氣體(ti)較(jiao)(jiao)多,氣穴(xue)就會減弱(ruo)。
在(zai)盲(mang)孔(kong)清洗時(shi),應先在(zai)盲(mang)孔(kong)內注入(ru)清洗液,然(ran)后將盲(mang)孔(kong)對準超(chao)聲源。清潔時(shi),要始終將清洗液注入(ru)孔(kong)內,以達到顯著的效果。
超音波清洗(xi)槽應避免(mian)撞擊(ji)及快速冷卻加(jia)熱,以(yi)免(mian)損壞與(yu)傳感器的連接。對某些(xie)零(ling)件進(jin)行超聲(sheng)清洗(xi)時,應進(jin)行消磁(ci)處理,否則殘(can)余鐵(tie)屑不易清除。
超聲清洗質(zhi)量檢(jian)查主要(yao)是(shi)檢(jian)查被清潔(jie)零件表面的污垢(gou)殘留。
廣東固特(te)超聲股份有限公司現已成為集超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)應用(yong)技(ji)術研(yan)(yan)究、超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機設(she)備研(yan)(yan)發、生(sheng)產、銷售和(he)技(ji)術服(fu)務于一(yi)體的國(guo)家高新(xin)技(ji)術企業(ye)(ye)。公(gong)司(si)在(zai)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)行業(ye)(ye)中占(zhan)有一(yi)定的地位(wei),作(zuo)為業(ye)(ye)界公(gong)認(ren)的超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)技(ji)術解決方案專(zhuan)家,固特超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于2015年率先(xian)(xian)在(zai)新(xin)三(san)板掛牌上市。是(shi)擁有專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)研(yan)(yan)發團隊的超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機廠家,率先(xian)(xian)提(ti)出健康家用(yong)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機品(pin)(pin)類并開發了百款產品(pin)(pin),是(shi)商用(yong)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機、工業(ye)(ye)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機、超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)環保設(she)備尤其(qi)是(shi)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)除垢設(she)備領域(yu)行業(ye)(ye)翹楚(chu),擅長產業(ye)(ye)資本(ben)(ben)和(he)金融資本(ben)(ben)的對(dui)接,致力于成為超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)綜(zong)合(he)服(fu)務領軍企業(ye)(ye)。