選用(yong)(yong)適當(dang)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)劑對超聲(sheng)波清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效果(guo)影(ying)響較大。超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)機制主要是(shi)空化(hua)作用(yong)(yong),除物質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)主要成分、油垢或機體自身(shen)的(de)(de)機械雜質(zhi)(zhi)外,選擇的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)必須考(kao)慮到(dao)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)粘度和(he)(he)表(biao)面張力(li),才(cai)能起到(dao)空化(hua)作用(yong)(yong)。超聲(sheng)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)對清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)要求很高,經(jing)常使(shi)用(yong)(yong)幾種不同(tong)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)在不同(tong)的(de)(de)槽中或依次(ci)進行,每一(yi)種清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)都不一(yi)樣。舉例來(lai)說,三氯乙(yi)烯、氫(qing)氧(yang)化(hua)鈉水(shui)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)、合(he)成洗(xi)(xi)滌劑、水(shui)、酒精(jing)先后用(yong)(yong)來(lai)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)光(guang)學元件(jian),丙酮及1*混合(he)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye),用(yong)(yong)來(lai)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)半導體設備,用(yong)(yong)2*的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)去離(li)子水(shui),經(jing)過多次(ci)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi),零件(jian)表(biao)面達到(dao)預期效果(guo)。
最常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式就是將(jiang)超聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)浸(jin)入槽(cao)內,在含有(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)超聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)內,由超聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)換能器(qi)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)超聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)振(zhen)動由清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)槽(cao)底(di)部(bu)(bu)輻(fu)射(she)到清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中。尤其適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)中小(xiao)型零(ling)(ling)件(jian)。對(dui)(dui)大小(xiao)、重量較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian),可采用(yong)局(ju)部(bu)(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法,即將(jiang)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)浸(jin)入清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),未清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)浸(jin)在清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)中,直(zhi)至完全(quan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另(ling)外一種方(fang)法是根據(ju)大尺寸零(ling)(ling)件(jian)形(xing)狀及局(ju)部(bu)(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao),設計(ji)特(te)殊形(xing)狀的(de)(de)(de)(de)超聲(sheng)(sheng)換能器(qi),實現局(ju)部(bu)(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)(dui)具有(you)(you)嚴(yan)格清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)要(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian),在不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)槽(cao)內采用(yong)多(duo)(duo)種不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)液(ye)進行超聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。另(ling)外,還可以使(shi)用(yong)其他的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方(fang)法,例如加熱浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),超聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)等。對(dui)(dui)含有(you)(you)特(te)厚油脂的(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian),一般先用(yong)熱浸(jin)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)或高溫噴洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),再用(yong)超聲(sheng)(sheng)波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。對(dui)(dui)某(mou)些零(ling)(ling)件(jian)形(xing)狀過于(yu)復(fu)雜,如孔、孔角不(bu)一致(zhi)等,可采用(yong)一次(ci)多(duo)(duo)次(ci)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi),即在不(bu)同超聲(sheng)(sheng)頻(pin)率下清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液的超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)頻率(lv)對超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效果(guo)(guo)有很大(da)的影響(xiang),這(zhe)是因為它對空(kong)(kong)化(hua)的影響(xiang)很大(da)。通常用(yong)在(zai)20kHz左右。約20kHz時(shi)(shi)(shi)容易產生氣(qi)穴(xue),清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效果(guo)(guo)明(ming)顯。但(dan)(dan)是對表面要求高、孔(kong)徑(jing)或縫(feng)隙小的產品,宜使(shi)用(yong)短波、能量(liang)集中的高頻超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)波清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi),有時(shi)(shi)(shi)頻率(lv)可(ke)達(da)800KHz。但(dan)(dan)高頻超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)在(zai)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)液中衰減大(da),作用(yong)距離(li)短,空(kong)(kong)化(hua)強度小,清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)效率(lv)低。另外(wai),由于高頻指(zhi)向性引起的“陰影”區域,部分部件(jian)不(bu)能清(qing)潔(jie)。采(cai)用(yong)無(wu)頻率(lv)跟蹤(zong)超(chao)(chao)聲(sheng)(sheng)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)裝置(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi),需要對發(fa)生器(qi)頻率(lv)進行調(diao)節,使(shi)其輸出信號(hao)的頻率(lv)與傳感(gan)器(qi)的固有振(zhen)動(dong)頻率(lv)一(yi)(yi)致。這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi),空(kong)(kong)泡(pao)效應最強。清(qing)潔(jie)液中可(ke)見大(da)量(liang)積聚的白色(se)物(wu)質(zhi)。手指(zhi)頭像一(yi)(yi)根(gen)針一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)。
高(gao)(gao)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)密(mi)度的超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)是提高(gao)(gao)超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效率(lv)(lv)的有效途徑(jing)。然而,功(gong)率(lv)(lv)密(mi)度過高(gao)(gao)會由于氣(qi)蝕(shi)過強而對(dui)工(gong)件(jian)表面造(zao)成侵(qin)蝕(shi)(即(ji)氣(qi)蝕(shi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)),對(dui)工(gong)件(jian)造(zao)成損害,尤其是對(dui)于有各(ge)種(zhong)涂層的工(gong)件(jian)或(huo)鋁及鋁合金工(gong)件(jian)。能量(liang)密(mi)度過大也不會產生飽和效應。對(dui)油污嚴重、形狀(zhuang)復雜、深(shen)(shen)孔(kong)盲孔(kong)的零(ling)件(jian),清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)槽要深(shen)(shen)、清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)液粘度大、功(gong)率(lv)(lv)密(mi)度大。高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)密(mi)度也很(hen)大。能量(liang)密(mi)度可在(zai)用水或(huo)酒(jiu)精清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)或(huo)漂洗(xi)(xi)時降低。
由于(yu)清洗液的空化程度與溫(wen)(wen)度有關,溫(wen)(wen)度的升高有利于(yu)汽蝕(shi),但(dan)蒸氣壓力也相應增大。溫(wen)(wen)度過高會使氣穴(xue)減少。所以必須保持一(yi)定的溫(wen)(wen)度范圍。例如水(shui)溶劑清洗液一(yi)般在45℃左右,三氯乙烯清洗液約75℃,水(shui)約60℃。對(dui)揮發性和(he)易燃(ran)的清洗液,溫(wen)(wen)度不宜(yi)過高。
超(chao)聲清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)效(xiao)(xiao)果和質(zhi)量取(qu)決于超(chao)聲清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)。對(dui)于清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)質(zhi)量的(de)要求,時(shi)間(jian)過短。但是,零件(jian)表面(mian)氣(qi)蝕(shi)腐蝕(shi)嚴(yan)重,從而影響零件(jian)的(de)質(zhi)量,延長使用壽命,不(bu)(bu)僅降(jiang)低生產效(xiao)(xiao)率。油污染嚴(yan)重,形狀復(fu)雜的(de)零件(jian),清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)間(jian)要長。不(bu)(bu)同涂層的(de)鋁(lv)(lv)及鋁(lv)(lv)合金零件(jian)的(de)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)過長。一般說來,表面(mian)光潔度高的(de)零件(jian)的(de)油污較少(shao),清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)時(shi)間(jian)不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)過長。特定的(de)清(qing)潔時(shi)間(jian)要通(tong)過實(shi)驗確定。
為改(gai)善清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)效果,并確保超聲波(bo)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)正常使(shi)(shi)用,部件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽中(zhong)的(de)(de)位置應(ying)引起重(zhong)(zhong)視。開始,要(yao)避免(mian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)超聲振(zhen)(zhen)動輻射(she)面(mian)直接擠壓(ya)零(ling)件(jian)(jian),使(shi)(shi)輻射(she)面(mian)無法(fa)(fa)(fa)產(chan)生(sheng)預期的(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)動,導致清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)裝(zhuang)置無法(fa)(fa)(fa)正常工作。對較重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)部件(jian)(jian)尤其重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)。部件(jian)(jian)由專用工具吊在(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽內,并盡可能接近表面(mian)。第二,關鍵的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)部位必須對準(zhun)超聲波(bo)源(yuan)。三是要(yao)考慮清(qing)(qing)(qing)潔后污(wu)物能夠順(shun)利排放(fang)。第四,使(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)(ye)在(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽內的(de)(de)對流。使(shi)(shi)用循環連(lian)續補(bu)(bu)充清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)時(shi),進液(ye)(ye)速(su)度不宜過快,否則由于補(bu)(bu)充的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)氣(qi)體較多(duo),氣(qi)穴(xue)就(jiu)會減(jian)弱。
在盲(mang)孔(kong)清洗時,應先(xian)在盲(mang)孔(kong)內(nei)(nei)注入清洗液(ye),然后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)盲(mang)孔(kong)對準超聲源。清潔時,要始終(zhong)將(jiang)(jiang)清洗液(ye)注入孔(kong)內(nei)(nei),以達到顯著的(de)效果。
超音波清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)槽應(ying)避免(mian)撞擊(ji)及快速冷卻(que)加熱,以免(mian)損壞與傳感器的連接(jie)。對某(mou)些零件進(jin)行超聲清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)時(shi),應(ying)進(jin)行消磁處理,否(fou)則殘(can)余鐵屑不易清(qing)(qing)除(chu)。
超聲(sheng)清洗質(zhi)量檢查主要是檢查被(bei)清潔零(ling)件(jian)表面的污垢殘留。
廣東(dong)固特超聲股份有限公司現已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)集超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)應用(yong)(yong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)研究(jiu)、超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)設(she)備研發(fa)、生產、銷售和(he)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)服(fu)務(wu)于一體(ti)的(de)國家(jia)(jia)(jia)高新技(ji)術(shu)(shu)企業(ye)(ye)。公司在(zai)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)行業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)占有一定的(de)地(di)位,作為(wei)(wei)業(ye)(ye)界公認的(de)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)清洗(xi)(xi)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)解決方案專家(jia)(jia)(jia),固特(te)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲于2015年率先在(zai)新三板掛牌(pai)上市。是擁有專業(ye)(ye)研發(fa)團隊的(de)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)廠家(jia)(jia)(jia),率先提出健康家(jia)(jia)(jia)用(yong)(yong)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)品(pin)類并(bing)開發(fa)了百款產品(pin),是商用(yong)(yong)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)、工業(ye)(ye)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲波(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)清洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)、超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲環保設(she)備尤其是超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲除垢(gou)設(she)備領域行業(ye)(ye)翹楚(chu),擅長產業(ye)(ye)資本和(he)金融資本的(de)對接(jie),致(zhi)力于成為(wei)(wei)超(chao)(chao)(chao)聲清洗(xi)(xi)綜合服(fu)務(wu)領軍(jun)企業(ye)(ye)。