圖(tu)1?通過式高壓噴淋清洗線（帶烘干）

像汽車發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)缸(gang)體(ti)缸(gang)蓋通過式(shi)噴淋清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機(ji)(ji)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)類(lei)的(de)(de)大(da)型清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)設備(bei)在(zai)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)生產(chan)(chan)線(xian)上是(shi)非常(chang)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)輔助設備(bei)，主要(yao)就是(shi)為了(le)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)每(mei)個零(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)。在(zai)生活(huo)中有(you)車一(yi)(yi)(yi)族(zu)的(de)(de)可(ke)能會考(kao)慮到，車開久了(le)，發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)缸(gang)體(ti)缸(gang)蓋怎么(me)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)，需(xu)(xu)不(bu)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)？答案肯定是(shi)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)的(de)(de)。只(zhi)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般不(bu)會有(you)人專門買一(yi)(yi)(yi)臺(tai)那么(me)大(da)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)設備(bei)專門為了(le)半年或一(yi)(yi)(yi)年一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)汽車缸(gang)體(ti)缸(gang)蓋等零(ling)(ling)(ling)配(pei)(pei)件(jian)。私人清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)案例(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般是(shi)買比較小型的(de)(de)超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機(ji)(ji)來清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)噴油嘴、火花塞等比較容(rong)易拆卸的(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)配(pei)(pei)件(jian)。如果需(xu)(xu)要(yao)全面清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)零(ling)(ling)(ling)配(pei)(pei)件(jian)的(de)(de)，通常(chang)是(shi)送到專門的(de)(de)汽車美(mei)容(rong)店(dian)進行專業的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)。所(suo)以一(yi)(yi)(yi)般會購(gou)買超聲波清(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)機(ji)(ji)設備(bei)的(de)(de)有(you)汽修(xiu)店(dian)、汽車美(mei)容(rong)店(dian)或汽車發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)生產(chan)(chan)廠家等。

以(yi)上是(shi)題外話，本文(wen)主(zhu)要是(shi)著重對缸(gang)體缸(gang)蓋的(de)(de)最終清洗(xi)機每個工(gong)位(wei)的(de)(de)功能以(yi)及(ji)作用進行詳細(xi)的(de)(de)分析。

圖2?通過(guo)式高壓噴(pen)淋清洗(xi)線（帶烘干(gan)）

1.清洗機概(gai)述

清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)分(fen)為三種(zhong)，通常(chang)分(fen)為中間清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)、CMM清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)以及(ji)最終清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)。而在下文會(hui)著重分(fen)析(xi)發動機(ji)缸(gang)體(ti)缸(gang)蓋的(de)最終清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)機(ji)的(de)相關功能(neng)以及(ji)作用。

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2.缸(gang)體缸(gang)蓋最終清洗機(ji)各個工位的功能(neng)及(ji)作用

2.1浪涌清洗工(gong)位

工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)通(tong)過機動(dong)滾(gun)道進(jin)入到(dao)本工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)的(de)浪(lang)(lang)涌(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱中(zhong)，有到(dao)位(wei)(wei)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)被(bei)設(she)置(zhi)在輸送(song)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)上，對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)是否到(dao)位(wei)(wei)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)檢(jian)測，同時(shi)發令，停止滾(gun)道的(de)輸送(song)，關(guan)閉浪(lang)(lang)涌(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱的(de)插(cha)門(men)(men)。有浪(lang)(lang)涌(yong)(yong)儲水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱被(bei)配備在這個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)當中(zhong)，打(da)開(kai)浪(lang)(lang)涌(yong)(yong)清(qing)(qing)洗泵電磁閥之(zhi)(zhi)后，供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)到(dao)浪(lang)(lang)涌(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱內，在供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)完(wan)畢之(zhi)(zhi)后減速(su)機驅動(dong)鼓輪回轉裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)就會旋轉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)270度，固定攪水(shui)(shui)(shui)噴嘴就會噴水(shui)(shui)(shui)，通(tong)過膠水(shui)(shui)(shui)噴嘴以及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)旋轉的(de)攪水(shui)(shui)(shui)，就會讓水(shui)(shui)(shui)紊流和翻騰，就可(ke)以利(li)用涮(shuan)洗功能對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)內表(biao)面以及水(shui)(shui)(shui)道腔進(jin)行(xing)(xing)清(qing)(qing)洗；在完(wan)成清(qing)(qing)洗之(zhi)(zhi)后，將排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)插(cha)門(men)(men)打(da)開(kai)，進(jin)行(xing)(xing)防水(shui)(shui)(shui)，對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)不斷(duan)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)倒水(shui)(shui)(shui)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，這樣就能夠(gou)讓下(xia)一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)的(de)吹干工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)更加(jia)方便的(de)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)，然后打(da)開(kai)出料插(cha)門(men)(men)，輸送(song)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)到(dao)下(xia)一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)上。

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2.2升降(jiang)清洗工位

在(zai)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)完成浪涌清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)位的(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，就會進(jin)入到升(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)位當中，到位檢測開(kai)關檢測到工(gong)(gong)件(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)就會停(ting)止滾道，同時伸出止回(hui)器，根據PLC的(de)指令讓噴嘴和水(shui)箱(xiang)進(jin)行有規律的(de)升(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)運(yun)動，清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)三面的(de)表面和孔隙。為了讓清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)效果能夠得到保證(zheng)，水(shui)箱(xiang)會不斷的(de)上升(sheng)(sheng)和下降(jiang)(jiang)來進(jin)行清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。在(zai)這樣的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)循(xun)環過幾次之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，就會停(ting)止水(shui)箱(xiang)的(de)上升(sheng)(sheng)。

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2.3橫移清(qing)洗工位

在工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)完成了(le)(le)升(sheng)降清洗工(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)清洗之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)就會進入到(dao)橫(heng)移(yi)(yi)清洗工(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)當中，到(dao)位(wei)(wei)檢(jian)測(ce)開關檢(jian)測(ce)到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)就會落下(xia)兩端的(de)(de)(de)插門，PLC會發出(chu)指令，讓滾(gun)道在減速機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)帶(dai)動(dong)作用下(xia)對(dui)噴(pen)嘴(zui)和(he)驅動(dong)水箱進行橫(heng)移(yi)(yi)運動(dong)，清洗工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)三面的(de)(de)(de)表面和(he)孔隙。為了(le)(le)讓清洗效果得(de)到(dao)保證，水箱的(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)移(yi)(yi)會不斷的(de)(de)(de)循(xun)(xun)環。在循(xun)(xun)環的(de)(de)(de)次(ci)數達到(dao)了(le)(le)規定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)次(ci)數之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，就會停止水箱的(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)移(yi)(yi)。

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2.4升降吹干(gan)工位(wei)

在(zai)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)完成了(le)以上(shang)幾項清洗工(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)清洗之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，就會(hui)進(jin)入到升(sheng)(sheng)降吹干(gan)(gan)工(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)當中，這(zhe)時候(hou)(hou)會(hui)有大量(liang)的(de)(de)水漬(zi)殘留在(zai)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)表(biao)面上(shang)。升(sheng)(sheng)降吹干(gan)(gan)工(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)對工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)吹干(gan)(gan)利用了(le)壓縮的(de)(de)空氣(qi)，這(zhe)樣就能夠讓(rang)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)入下一(yi)個工(gong)序或者入庫管理更加(jia)的(de)(de)方便和(he)快捷。在(zai)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)入到升(sheng)(sheng)降吹干(gan)(gan)工(gong)位(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，到位(wei)(wei)(wei)檢測(ce)開關檢測(ce)到工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，停(ting)止滾道的(de)(de)運(yun)作(zuo)，工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)夾(jia)緊(jin)機構夾(jia)緊(jin)好工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，關閉插門，前后(hou)吹干(gan)(gan)氣(qi)箱和(he)上(shang)下吹干(gan)(gan)氣(qi)箱對工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)往復的(de)(de)吹干(gan)(gan)操作(zuo)，在(zai)下降到最(zui)低(di)位(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)時候(hou)(hou)稍作(zuo)停(ting)頓(dun)，用來對重點孔系進(jin)行(xing)(xing)定點的(de)(de)吹干(gan)(gan)，對于工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)前后(hou)表(biao)面則(ze)通過升(sheng)(sheng)降吹干(gan)(gan)來進(jin)行(xing)(xing)；通過不同吹干(gan)(gan)氣(qi)箱的(de)(de)協作(zuo)來完成對工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)吹干(gan)(gan)。

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2.5真(zhen)空(kong)干燥(zao)工位(wei)

最(zui)終清洗機(ji)(ji)當中，真空干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)是(shi)(shi)特別加(jia)入的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)，原因(yin)是(shi)(shi)最(zui)終清洗機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擺放位(wei)(wei)置通常(chang)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)發(fa)動機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完(wan)全之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置，為讓(rang)(rang)讓(rang)(rang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)在(zai)(zai)儲存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程當中不會發(fa)生生銹(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況，發(fa)動機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)入庫儲存(cun)對(dui)于發(fa)動機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體(ti)干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)度要(yao)求非常(chang)高(gao)。在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)經過升降吹(chui)干(gan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內腔還是(shi)(shi)會存(cun)在(zai)(zai)少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水漬。因(yin)此真空干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)就是(shi)(shi)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘留(liu)(liu)水漬進(jin)行(xing)干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)，讓(rang)(rang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)能(neng)夠完(wan)全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)在(zai)(zai)離開升降吹(chui)干(gan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)進(jin)入到(dao)真空室內，檢測到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)到(dao)位(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)伸出止(zhi)(zhi)回器(qi)(qi)(qi)和擋料器(qi)(qi)(qi)，停(ting)止(zhi)(zhi)滾道的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運作。分離離合器(qi)(qi)(qi)，關閉兩側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)插門讓(rang)(rang)真空室形成(cheng)一個密閉的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腔體(ti)。真空泵組對(dui)真空口(kou)進(jin)行(xing)抽出，將(jiang)水汽(qi)抽掉，降低箱體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壓力降，快速汽(qi)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)上附著的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘留(liu)(liu)水漬。在(zai)(zai)完(wan)成(cheng)干(gan)燥(zao)(zao)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，打開前后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)插門門板，輸送工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)到(dao)下一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)位(wei)(wei)當中。

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2.6輔助水箱及(ji)刮板(ban)排屑工(gong)位

輔助(zhu)(zhu)水(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)及刮(gua)板排屑工(gong)(gong)位(wei)的(de)(de)作用就是(shi)對清洗(xi)(xi)液進行儲存，來(lai)(lai)對各個清洗(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)的(de)(de)使用進行供應。輔助(zhu)(zhu)水(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)分(fen)(fen)成兩個部分(fen)(fen)，分(fen)(fen)別是(shi)污(wu)液箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)和凈液箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，清洗(xi)(xi)泵(beng)將凈液箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)里(li)面(mian)的(de)(de)清洗(xi)(xi)液泵(beng)到(dao)各個清洗(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)上(shang)，清洗(xi)(xi)液在(zai)(zai)清洗(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)位(wei)的(de)(de)清洗(xi)(xi)完成之后就會回到(dao)污(wu)液箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)內，通過(guo)(guo)(guo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾滾(gun)筒來(lai)(lai)連接兩腔，過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾滾(gun)筒的(de)(de)旋轉由(you)電(dian)機(ji)來(lai)(lai)帶動(dong)，有過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾網(wang)在(zai)(zai)滾(gun)筒上(shang)，清洗(xi)(xi)液經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾網(wang)的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾之后重新流入到(dao)凈水(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)當(dang)中，用來(lai)(lai)進行下一輪的(de)(de)清洗(xi)(xi)工(gong)(gong)作，過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾滾(gun)筒通過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)帶動(dong)也帶動(dong)了排屑刮(gua)板將雜(za)質帶入運屑車(che)當(dang)中。在(zai)(zai)輔助(zhu)(zhu)水(shui)箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)，有三個液位(wei)發令開(kai)關(guan)，用來(lai)(lai)控制機(ji)床的(de)(de)加液工(gong)(gong)作。

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